Variable of monthly values from multiple calendar years
Description monthlymeanplus2SD produces the monthly disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 2xSD" from monthly values of epidemic data from multiple user-selected years. This function incorporates the functions monthlymean and monthlySD to calculate the result. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the average (by month of year) of multiple user-selected years of monthly disease data, plus 2.0 times the standard deviation of the monthly values that went into each monthly average. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, monthlymeanplus2SD calculates the 5-year mean (by month of year) of monthly malaria incidence values plus 2.0 times the standard deviation of the monthly values that went into each monthly average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlymeanplus2SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
Calculation of the disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 2xSD" from monthly values of epidemic data from multiple user-selected years.
Description monthlymeanplus1SD produces the monthly disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 1xSD" from monthly values of epidemic data from multiple user-selected years. This function incorporates the functions monthlymean and monthlySD to calculate the result. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the average (by month of year) of multiple user-selected years of monthly disease data, plus one standard deviation of the monthly values that went into each monthly average. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, monthlymeanplus1SD calculates the 5-year mean (by month of year) of monthly malaria incidence values plus one standard deviation of the monthly values that went into each monthly average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlymeanplus1SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
The multiple-year average (by month of year) plus 1 times the standard deviation (by month) of these monthly values
Calculation of the disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 1xSD" from monthly values of epidemic data from multiple user-selected years.
1 /monthlymeanplus1SD publicproc: a: monthlymean :a: monthlySD 1 mul :a add /name (Mean_plus_1SD) def /fullname (Mean plus 1SD) def /long_name (Mean plus 1SD) def :publicproc
Three-month running average (by month of year) of multiple-year monthly mean values plus one standard deviation (by month of year) of monthly values from overlapping three-month seasons from multiple user-selected years
The three-month seasonal average of the multiple-year average (by month of year) of monthly input values plus one standard deviation (by month) of these monthly values
Description monthlyMAVEplus1SD produces the monthly disease epidemic threshold "MAVE plus 1SD" from monthly values of disease data from multiple user-selected years. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the three-month average of the average of multiple user-selected years of monthly disease data, plus one standard deviation of the monthly values that went into the average. Generally five years will be selected; so, for a given month of the year, the mean and standard deviation will be calculated from 15 monthly values. The calculation makes use of the threshold functions monthlyMAVE and monthlyMAVE_SD. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, monthlyMAVEplus1SD calculates the three-month average of the 5-year mean (by month of year) of monthly malaria incidence values plus one standard deviation of the 15 monthly values that went into each average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlyMAVEplus1SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
1 /monthlyMAVEplus1SD publicproc: a: monthlyMAVE :a: monthlyMAVE_SD 1.0 mul :a add /name (MAVE plus 1SD) def /fullname (MAVE plus 1SD) def /long_name (MAVE plus 1SD) def :publicproc
Standard deviation (by pentad of year) of multiple selected years of values on a pentad time grid
1 /pentadSD publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 73 splitstreamgrid T name (pentads since 1960-01-01) periodic 0.5 1 72.5 NewEvenGRID replaceGRID a: dataflag [T2]sum dup 1 sub div sqrt :a: [T2]rmsaover :a mul /fullname (SD) def :publicproc
Standard deviation (by pentad of year) of multiple years of values on a pentad time grid
Description pentadSD calculates the multiple-year standard deviation (by pentad of year) of pentad values from user-selected years. This function was created as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example, weekly malaria case numbers in districts in Botswana are converted to pentad values, and the standard deviation by pentad is calculated based upon malaria case values from five selected years. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadSD
Variable of values on a pentad time grid
Calculation of the pentad disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 2xSD" from pentad values of epidemiological data from multiple user-selected years
1 /pentadmeanplus2SD publicproc: a: pentadmean :a: pentadSD 2 mul :a add /name (Mean_plus_2SD) def /fullname (Mean plus 2SD) def /long_name (Mean plus 2SD) def :publicproc
The multiple-year average (by pentad of year) plus 2 times the standard deviation (by pentad) of these pentad values
Description pentadmeanplus2SD produces the pentad disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 2xSD" from monthly values of epidemiological data from multiple user-selected years. This function incorporates the functions pentadmean and pentadSD to calculate the result. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the average (by pentad of year) of multiple user-selected years of pentad disease data, plus 2.0 times the standard deviation of the pentad values that went into each pentad average. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example, weeklytopentad converts weekly malaria case numbers to pentad values. Then, pentadmeanplus2SD calculates the 5-year mean (by pentad of year) of the pentad values plus 2.0 times the standard deviation of the pentad values that went into each pentad average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadmeanplus2SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
Variable of pentad values from multiple user-selected years
1 /pentadMAVE_SD publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 73 splitstreamgrid T name (pentads since 1960-01-01) periodic 0.5 1 72.5 NewEvenGRID replaceGRID dup T (1-5 Jan 1959) (27-31 Dec 1961) RANGE T 0.5 2.5 masknotrange mul dataflag 0 0 maskrange T -71 1 1 shiftdatashort mul a: dataflag [T2 T]sum dup 1 sub div sqrt :a:[T2 T]rmsaover :a mul T_lag /T renameGRID T name (pentads since 1960-01-01) periodic 72.5 -1 0.5 NewEvenGRID replaceGRID T (1-5 Jan) (27-31 Dec) RANGE /fullname (MAVE SD) def :publicproc
Description pentadMAVE_SD calculates the standard deviation (by pentad of year) of pentad values from overlapping three-pentad periods from multiple years, assuming a self-periodic pentad grid for each user-selected year. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example weekly values of malaria case numbers for districts in Botswana have been converted to pentad values using weeklytopentad. Resulting values from 1996-2000 are then chosen, and pentadMAVE_SD is applied, which calculates the standard deviation, by pentad of year, of pentad values from overlapping three-pentad periods from multiple years. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadMAVE_SD
Variable of multiple years of values on a pentad time grid
Standard deviation (by pentad of year) of three-pentad running average of multiple years of values on a pentad time grid
Standard deviation (by pentad of year) of pentad values from overlapping three-pentad periods from multiple years
Standard deviation of three-pentad running average of multiple calendar years of pentad values
Description monthlyMAVEplus1p96SD produces the monthly disease epidemic threshold "MAVE plus 1.96xSD" from monthly values of disease data from multiple user-selected years. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the three-month average of the average of multiple user-selected years of monthly disease data, plus 1.96 times the standard deviation of the monthly values that went into the average. Generally five years will be selected; so, for a given month of the year, the mean and standard deviation will be calculated from 15 monthly values. The result represents the 95% confidence interval with respect to the seasonal mean. The calculation makes use of the threshold functions monthlyMAVE and monthlyMAVE_SD. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, monthlyMAVEplus1p96SD calculates the three-month average of the 5-year mean (by month of year) of monthly malaria incidence values plus 1.96 times the standard deviation of the 15 monthly values that went into each average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlyMAVEplus1p96SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
Three-month running average (by month of year) of multiple-year monthly mean values plus 1.96 times the standard deviation (by month of year) of monthly values from overlapping three-month seasons from multiple user-selected years
1 /monthlyMAVEplus1p96SD publicproc: a: monthlyMAVE :a: monthlyMAVE_SD 1.96 mul :a add /name (MAVE plus 1.96SD) def /fullname (MAVE plus 1.96SD) def /long_name (MAVE plus 1.96SD) def :publicproc
The three-month seasonal average of the multiple-year average (by month of year) of monthly input values plus 1.96 times the standard deviation (by month) of these monthly values
Description monthlyMAVE_SD calculates the standard deviation (by month of year) of monthly values from overlapping three-month seasons from multiple years, assuming a self-periodic monthly grid for each user-selected year. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. If five calendar years are selected, this function will use 15 monthly values to determine the standard deviation for a given calendar month. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, monthlyMAVE_SD calculates the standard deviation (by month of year) of monthly malaria incidence data from overlapping three-month seasons from five selected years (1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000). expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlyMAVE_SD
Standard deviation (by month of year) of monthly values from overlapping three-month seasons from multiple user-selected years
1 /monthlyMAVE_SD publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 12 splitstreamgrid T name (months since 01-Jan) periodic Jan 1 Dec NewEvenGRID replaceGRID dup T (Jan 1959) (Dec 1961) RANGE T 0.5 2.5 masknotrange mul dataflag 0 0 maskrange T -10 1 1 shiftdatashort mul a: dataflag [T2 T]sum dup 1 sub div sqrt :a: [T2 T]rmsaover :a mul T_lag /T renameGRID T name (months since 01-Jan) periodic Dec -1 Jan NewEvenGRID replaceGRID T (Jan) (Dec) RANGE /fullname (MAVE SD) def :publicproc
1 /monthlyMAVE publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 12 splitstreamgrid T name (months since 01-Jan) periodic Jan 1 Dec NewEvenGRID replaceGRID T (Dec 1959) (Jan 1961) RANGE [T2]average T 3 runningAverage T /pointwidth 1 def pop T name (months since 01-Jan) periodic Jan 1 Dec NewEvenGRID replaceGRID /fullname (MAVE) def :publicproc
Variable of monthly values from several calendar years
Three-month running average (by month of year) of multiple-year monthly mean values from several calendar years
Three-month running average (by month of year) of multiple-year mean monthly values
Input variable of multiple calendar years of values on a pentad time grid
Three-pentad running average (by pentad of year) of the multiple-year mean of values on a pentad time grid
Description pentadMAVE calculates the three-pentad running average (by pentad of year) of the multiple-year mean of values on a pentad time grid. This function was created as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example weekly malaria case numbers from districts in Botswana are converted to pentad values by weeklytopentad. Then, using pentadMAVE, the multiple-year average (by pentad) of the pentad values from the years 1996-2000 is calculated, followed by the calculation of the three-pentad running average of these mean values (on a periodic pentad time grid of the calendar year). expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadMAVE
1 /pentadMAVE publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 73 splitstreamgrid T name (pentads since 1960-01-01) periodic 0.5 1 72.5 NewEvenGRID replaceGRID [T2]average T 3 runningAverage T /pointwidth 1 def pop T name (pentads since 1960-01-01) periodic 0.5 1 72.5 NewEvenGRID replaceGRID /fullname (MAVE) def :publicproc
Three-pentad running average of multiple-year average (by pentad of year) of pentad values
Variable of values on a pentad time grid from multiple years
Multiple-year mean (by pentad of year) of values on a pentad time grid
Description pentadmean calculates the multiple-year mean (by pentad of year) of values from user selected calendar years on a pentad time grid. This function was created as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example, weekly malaria case numbers for districts in Botswana are converted to pentad values. Then, the multiple-year mean is calculated by the pentad of year for five user-selected years. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadmean
1 /pentadmean publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 73 splitstreamgrid T name (pentads since 1960-01-01) periodic 0.5 1 72.5 NewEvenGRID replaceGRID [T2]average /fullname (Mean) def :publicproc
Monthly input values from a series of years
Mean (by month of year) of multiple years of monthly values
Description monthlymean calculates the mean (by calendar month of year) of monthly data over a set of multiple user-selected years. This function was created as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, the mean of monthly malaria incidence values is calculated by month over the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlymean
1 /monthlymean publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 12 splitstreamgrid T name (months since 01-Jan) periodic Jan 1 Dec NewEvenGRID replaceGRID [T2]average /fullname (Mean) def :publicproc
Multiple-year average (by month of year) of monthly values
Description monthlyMAVE calculates the three-month running average (by calendar month of year) of the multiple-year mean of monthly values (a monthly climatology). The three-month running average is calculated for each year separately, assuming a self-periodic monthly grid. This function was created as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, monthlyMAVE calculates the three-month running average of the five-year mean (using data from 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000) of monthly malaria incidence values. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlyMAVE Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
Standard deviation of three-month running average of monthly input values from several calendar years
1 /pentad3Q publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 73 splitstreamgrid T name (pentads since 1960-01-01) periodic 0.5 1 72.5 NewEvenGRID replaceGRID [T2]0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1. 0 replacebypercentile percentile 0.75 VALUE percentile removeGRID /fullname (3rd Quartile) def :publicproc
Third quartile (by pentad of year) of multiple calendar years of values on a pentad time grid
Input variable of values from multiple calendar years on a pentad time grid
Third quartile (by pentad of year) of values from multiple calendar years on a pentad time grid
Description pentad3Q calculates the third quartile (by pentad of year) of multiple calendar years of values from an input variable that is on a pentad time grid. This function was created as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the example below, weekly malaria case values from districts in Botswana have been converted to pentad values using weeklytopentad. Values from 1996-2000 are then selected, and of these, for each pentad of the calendar year, the third quartile value of malaria cases is determined. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentad3Q
Input variable of monthly values from several calendar years
Third quartile (by month of year) of monthly input values from a series of years
Third quartile (by month of year) of monthly values from several calendar years
Description monthly3Q calculates the third quartile value (by calendar month of year) of monthly data over a set of multiple user-selected years. This function was created as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, the third quartile of monthly malaria incidence values is calculated by month over the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthly3Q Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
1 /monthly3Q publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 12 splitstreamgrid T name (months since 01-Jan) periodic Jan 1 Dec NewEvenGRID replaceGRID [T2]0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1. 0 replacebypercentile percentile 0.75 VALUE percentile removeGRID /fullname (3rd Quartile) def :publicproc
1 /pentadMAVEplus1SD publicproc: a: pentadMAVE :a: pentadMAVE_SD 1.0 mul :a add /name (MAVE_plus_1SD) def /fullname (MAVE plus 1SD) def /long_name (MAVE plus 1SD) def :publicproc
Description pentadMAVEplus1SD produces the pentad disease epidemic threshold "MAVE plus 1.0xSD" from pentad values of disease data from multiple user-selected years. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the three-pentad average of the average of multiple user-selected years of pentad disease data, plus one standard deviation of the pentad values that went into the average. Generally five years will be selected; so, for a given pentad of the year, the mean and standard deviation will be calculated from 15 pentad values. The calculation makes use of the threshold functions pentadMAVE and pentadMAVE_SD. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example, pentadMAVEplus1SD calculates the three-pentad average of the 5-year mean (by pentad of year) of pentad malaria incidence values plus one standard deviation of the 15 pentad values that went into each average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadMAVEplus1SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
Three-pentad running average (by pentad of year) of multiple-year pentad mean values plus one standard deviation (by pentad of year) of pentad values from overlapping three-pentad periods from multiple user-selected years
The three-pentad average of the multiple-year average (by pentad of year) of pentad input values plus one standard deviation (by pentad) of these pentad values
The multiple-year average (by pentad of year) plus one standard deviation (by pentad) of these pentad values
Description pentadmeanplus1SD produces the pentad disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 1xSD" from monthly values of epidemiological data from multiple user-selected years. This function incorporates the functions pentadmean and pentadSD to calculate the result. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the average (by pentad of year) of multiple user-selected years of pentad disease data, plus 1.0 times the standard deviation of the pentad values that went into each pentad average. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example, weeklytopentad converts weekly malaria case numbers to pentad values. Then, pentadmeanplus1SD calculates the 5-year mean (by pentad of year) of the pentad values plus one standard deviation of the pentad values that went into each pentad average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadmeanplus1SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
1 /pentadmeanplus1SD publicproc: a: pentadmean :a: pentadSD 1 mul :a add /name (Mean_plus_1SD) def /fullname (Mean plus 1SD) def /long_name (Mean plus 1SD) def :publicproc
Calculation of the pentad disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 1SD" from pentad values of epidemiological data from multiple user-selected years
Calculation of the pentad disease epidemic threshold "Mean plus 1xSD" from pentad values of epidemiological data from multiple user-selected years
The three-pentad average of the multiple-year average (by pentad of year) of pentad input values plus 1.96 times the standard deviation (by pentad) of these pentad values
Description pentadMAVEplus1p96SD produces the pentad disease epidemic threshold "MAVE plus 1.96xSD" from pentad values of disease data from multiple user-selected years. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the three-pentad average of the average of multiple user-selected years of pentad disease data, plus 1.96 times the standard deviation of the pentad values that went into the average. Generally five years will be selected; so, for a given pentad of the year, the mean and standard deviation will be calculated from 15 pentad values. The result represents the 95% confidence interval with respect to the mean. The calculation makes use of the threshold functions pentadMAVE and pentadMAVE_SD. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example, pentadMAVEplus1p96SD calculates the three-pentad average of the 5-year mean (by pentad of year) of pentad malaria incidence values plus 1.96 times the standard deviation of the 15 pentad values that went into each average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadMAVEplus1p96SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
Three-pentad running average (by pentad of year) of multiple-year pentad mean values plus 1.96 times the standard deviation (by pentad of year) of pentad values from overlapping three-pentad periods from multiple user-selected years
1 /pentadMAVEplus1p96SD publicproc: a: pentadMAVE :a: pentadMAVE_SD 1.96 mul :a add /name (MAVE_plus_1.96SD) def /fullname (MAVE plus 1.96SD) def /long_name (MAVE plus 1.96SD) def :publicproc
Epidemic thresholds for a calendar year determined from multiple user-selected years of pentad disease data
1 /pentadepithresholds publicproc: a: pentadmeanplus1SD :a: pentadmeanplus2SD :a: pentadMAVEplus1SD :a: pentadMAVEplus2SD :a: pentad3Q /fullname (Q3) def :a :publicproc
Produces four pentad disease epidemic threshold variables that depend upon the pentad of the year and can be plotted as four line graphs, using input from a variable of pentad values from multiple user-selected years
Produces five pentad disease epidemic threshold variables that depend upon the pentad of the year and can be plotted as five line graphs, using input from a variable of pentad values from multiple user-selected years
Description pentadepithresholds combines several pentad epidemic threshold functions together into one command to automatically produce five different disease epidemic threshold variables (mean plus 1xSD, mean plus 2xSD, MAVE plus 1xSD, MAVE plus 2xSD, and 3rd Quartile) based upon input from a variable of pentad disease case or incidence values from multiple user-selected calendar years. These five output variables depend upon a time grid of pentads of the year and can be easily plotted as a multiple-line graph (along with line graphs of one or more test years if wished) in the Data Library. Example In the following example, confirmed malaria cases from five years are used as input to calculate malaria case epidemic thresholds (mean plus 1xSD, mean plus 2xSD, MAVE plus 1xSD, MAVE plus 2xSD, and 3rd Quartile) for the district. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadepithresholds Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
Description monthlyMAVEplus2SD produces the monthly disease epidemic threshold "MAVE plus 2SD" from monthly values of disease data from multiple user-selected years. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the three-month average of the average of multiple user-selected years of monthly disease data, plus two times the standard deviation of the monthly values that went into the average. Generally five years will be selected; so, for a given month of the year, the mean and standard deviation will be calculated from 15 monthly values. The calculation makes use of the threshold functions monthlyMAVE and monthlyMAVE_SD. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, monthlyMAVEplus2SD calculates the three-month average of the 5-year mean (by month of year) of monthly malaria incidence values plus two times the standard deviation of the 15 monthly values that went into each average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlyMAVEplus2SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
1 /monthlyMAVEplus2SD publicproc: a: monthlyMAVE :a: monthlyMAVE_SD 2.0 mul :a add /name (MAVE plus 2SD) def /fullname (MAVE plus 2SD) def /long_name (MAVE plus 2SD) def :publicproc
Three-month running average (by month of year) of multiple-year monthly mean values plus two times the standard deviation (by month of year) of monthly values from overlapping three-month seasons from multiple user-selected years
The three-month seasonal average of the multiple-year average (by month of year) of monthly input values plus two times the standard deviation (by month) of these monthly values
Standard deviation (by month of year) of multiple years of monthly values
Description monthlySD calculates the standard deviation (by calendar month of year) of monthly data over a set of multiple user-selected years. This function was created as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon monthly case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic calendar years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a monthly time grid named "T". Example In the following example, the standard deviation of monthly malaria incidence values is calculated by month over the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlySD
Standard deviation (by month of year) of monthly values from a series of calendar years
1 /monthlySD publicproc: T name npts NewIntegerGRID replaceGRID T 12 splitstreamgrid T name (months since 01-Jan) periodic Jan 1 Dec NewEvenGRID replaceGRID a: dataflag [T2]sum dup 1 sub div sqrt :a: [T2]rmsaover :a mul /fullname (SD) def :publicproc
Three-pentad running average (by pentad of year) of multiple-year pentad mean values plus two times the standard deviation (by pentad of year) of pentad values from overlapping three-pentad periods from multiple user-selected years
The three-pentad average of the multiple-year average (by pentad of year) of pentad input values plus two times the standard deviation (by pentad) of these pentad values
1 /pentadMAVEplus2SD publicproc: a: pentadMAVE :a: pentadMAVE_SD 2.0 mul :a add /name (MAVE_plus_2SD) def /fullname (MAVE plus 2SD) def /long_name (MAVE plus 2SD) def :publicproc
Description pentadMAVEplus2SD produces the pentad disease epidemic threshold "MAVE plus 2.0xSD" from pentad values of disease data from multiple user-selected years. This epidemic threshold is calculated as the three-pentad average of the average of multiple user-selected years of pentad disease data, plus two times the standard deviation of the pentad values that went into the average. Generally five years will be selected; so, for a given pentad of the year, the mean and standard deviation will be calculated from 15 pentad values. The calculation makes use of the threshold functions pentadMAVE and pentadMAVE_SD. This function was developed as part of a suite of functions used to determine disease epidemic thresholds based upon pentad case or incidence data from five presumably non-epidemic years as the input variable. In its current form this function assumes that the input variable depends upon a pentad time grid named "T". Example In the following example, pentadMAVEplus2SD calculates the three-pentad average of the 5-year mean (by pentad of year) of pentad malaria incidence values plus one standard deviation of the 15 pentad values that went into each average for the years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES pentadMAVEplus2SD Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
1 /weeklytomonthly publicproc: c: 7. (days) :c div T monthlyAverage a: T (days since 1960-01-01) streamgridunitconvert T differential_mul T :a: .T :a replaceGRID :publicproc
Variable of monthly-aggregated values on a monthly time grid
Input variable of weekly values on a weekly time grid
Description weeklytomonthly reapportions and aggregates weekly data values originally on a weekly grid to monthly values on a monthly time grid, assuming that data within the original weeks are uniformly distributed over the days within the individual weeks. Values for weeks that fall entirely within the boundaries of a calendar month are simply aggregated to help form the monthly total. For weeks that fall across the boundary between two calendar months, the weekly value is divided evenly amongst the seven days of the week. Using these "per day" values, the sum for the days of the week falling within one month are added to its monthly total, while the sum for the days of the week falling within the other month are added to its monthly total. In its current form this function assumes that the original time grid of weekly values is named "T". The resulting output variable will depend upon a monthly time grid also named "T". Example Reapportion and aggregate weekly malaria case numbers in Botswana districts to monthly case numbers. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytomonthly
Reapportions and aggregates weekly data to monthly values, assuming a uniform distribution of values within weeks.
Reapportions weekly data to pentad values, assuming a uniform distribution of values within individual weeks
Description weeklytopentad reapportions weekly data values originally on a weekly grid to pentad values on a pentad time grid, assuming that data within the original weeks are uniformly distributed over the days within the individual weeks. Pentads in the Data Library are always defined as 1-5 January, 6-10 January, ..., etc., and there are always 73 pentads per year. In both leap-years and non-leap-years, the period 25 February to 1 March is a pentad period, and, therefore, that pentad will contain six days in leap-years. Consider the case of a weekly data set of malaria cases that includes two weekly time points that cover the periods 2-8 January and 9-15 January and have values of 5 and 8 cases, respectively. These two weeks overlap with the pentads that cover 6-10 January and 11-15 January. To determine the reapportioned value for 6-10 January, the two weekly values are first divided by 7, to produce values of 5/7 ~= 0.714 cases/day and 8/7 ~= 1.143 cases/day for the weeks of 2-8 January and 9-15 January, respectively. These values are then multiplied by the number of days in each week that overlap with the pentad, and then added together: ((5/7 cases/day) * 3 days) + ((8/7 cases/day) * 2 days ~= 4.42857 cases during 6-10 January. For the pentad 11-15 January, the number of cases would be: (8/7 cases/day) * 5 days ~= 5.714 cases. In its current form this function assumes that the original time grid of weekly values is named "T". The resulting output variable will depend upon a pentad time grid also named "T". Example Reapportion weekly malaria case numbers in districts in Botswana to pentad values. expert home .ciph .Botswana .districts17 .Malaria .conf weeklytopentad
1 /weeklytopentad publicproc: c: 7. (days) :c div T pentadAverage a: T (days since 1960-01-01) streamgridunitconvert T differential_mul T :a: .T :a replaceGRID :publicproc
Variable of values reapportioned to pentads and dependent upon a pentad time grid
Produces five monthly disease epidemic threshold variables that depend upon the calendar month of the year and can be plotted as five line graphs, using input from a variable of monthly values from multiple user-selected years
Epidemic thresholds for a calendar year determined from multiple user-selected years of monthly disease data
Description monthlyepithresholds combines several monthly epidemic threshold functions together into one command to automatically produce five different disease epidemic threshold variables (mean plus 1xSD, mean plus 2xSD, MAVE plus 1xSD, MAVE plus 2xSD, and 3rd Quartile) based upon input from a variable of monthly disease case or incidence values from multiple user-selected calendar years. These five output variables depend upon a time grid of calendar months of the year and can be easily plotted as a multiple-line graph (along with line graphs of one or more test years if wished) in the Data Library. Example In the following example, confirmed malaria cases from five years are used as input to calculate malaria case epidemic thresholds (mean plus 1xSD, mean plus 2xSD, MAVE plus 1xSD, MAVE plus 2xSD, and 3rd Quartile) for the district. expert home .ciph .Eritrea .malaria .monthly96-03 .incidence district (DEBUB-DENKALIA) VALUE T (1996) (1997) (1998) (1999) (2000) VALUES monthlyepithresholds Reference World Health Organization, 2004: Field guide for malaria epidemic assessment and reporting: Draft for field testing. WHO/HTM/MAL/2004.1097, World Health Organization, Geneva, 64 pp.
1 /monthlyepithresholds publicproc: a: monthlymeanplus1SD :a: monthlymeanplus2SD :a: monthlyMAVEplus1SD :a: monthlyMAVEplus2SD :a: monthly3Q :a :publicproc
Input variable of monthly disease case or incidence values for multiple user-selected years
The multiple-year average (by month of year) plus 2 times the standard deviation (by month) of these monthly values
1 /monthlymeanplus2SD publicproc: a: monthlymean :a: monthlySD 2 mul :a add /name (Mean_plus_2SD) def /fullname (Mean plus 2SD) def /long_name (Mean plus 2SD) def :publicproc