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An information artifact is, loosely, a dependent continuant or its bearer that is created as the result of one or more intentional processes. Examples: uniprot, the english language, the contents of this document or a printout of it, the temperature measurements from a weather balloon. For more information, see the project home page at http://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/
person:Allyson Lister
graph
person:Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way.
Contour plot of SSC-H, FSC-H, and FL1-H.
group:Flow Cytometry community
generically_dependent_continuants
contour plot
person:Chris Stoeckert
software
see sourceforge tracker discussion at http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1958818&group_id=177891&atid=886178
GROUP: OBI
PERSON: Bjoern Peters
PERSON: Melanie Courtot
PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
PERSON: Chris Stoeckert
Software is a plan specification which is a series of encoded instructions that can be directly executed by a processing unit or transformed in to a form that can be. For programming texts that are syntactically correct and which are in a language that can be executed by an interpreter this would correspond to the tokenized version of the text stripped of comments.
The authors wish to thank Alan Ruttenberg for his constructive comments about an earlier draft of this manuscript
Part of a publication that is about the contributions of people or institutions other than the authors.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 United States License.
A document part that describes legal restrictions on making or distributing copies of the document
20091104, MC: this needs work and will most probably change
A table that relates figures in a document to specific locations in that document (usually page numbers). This is also a document part (subsumption there should be inferred).
2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case
A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measuring a temporal interval
a textual entity intended to identify a particular publication
Verspoor, K., Cohen, KB., Hunter, L. Textual characteristics of traditional and Open Access scientific journals are similar, BMC Bioinformatics 2009, 10:183.
A part of a publication about an investigation that is about a study design execution
The section labelled 'results' in a typical scientific journal article
image
An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface.
A table where the constituent texts are abbreviations and their expansions
IAO information artifact ontology OBI ontology of biomedical investiations GO gene ontology
three dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate datum
A cartesion spatial coordinate datum that uses three values to specify a position within a three dimensional spatial region
manufactered items may have more than one model number, sometimes by rebranding, or because companies are sold and the products issued new model numbers
A model number is an information content entity specifically borne by catalogs, design specifications, advertising materials, inventory systems and similar that is about manufactured objects of the same class. The model number is an alternative term for the class. The manufactered objects may or may not also bear the model number. Model numbers can be encoded in a variety of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots.
agree - DENRIE. Issue(alan) do we only mean text? What about a story told by mime. Does music count? (no) what about an oral report. Regarding definition, saying it is a set of propositions means we loose the idea that wording matters. Maybe adjust saying a narrative object has some relationshop to a set of propositions
2009-08-10 Alan Ruttenberg: Larry Hunter suggests that this be obsoleted and replaced by 'textual entity' and 'figure'. Alan restored as there are OBI dependencies and this merits further discussion
narrative object
A narrative object is an information content entity that is a set of propositions.
Examples of narrative objects are reports, journal articles, and patents submission.
Note: during the call there was some confusion between serial number and model number. We agreed that it would be very helpful for all those terms to have example of usages - please add if you have any :-)
A serial number is an information content entity which is a unique sequence of characters borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging that is assigned to each individual in some class of products, and so can serve as a way to identify an individual product within the class. Serial numbers can be encoded in a variety of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots.
appendix
supplementary material
part of a document that is segregated from the rest of the document due to its size
information content entity
information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity.
Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs.
an information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity
Examples of measurement data are the recoding of the weight of a mouse as {40,mass,"grams"}, the recording of an observation of the behavior of the mouse {,process,"agitated"}, the recording of the expression level of a gene as measured through the process of microarray experiment {3.4,luminosity,}.
2/2/2009 is_specified_output of some assay?
measurement datum
A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device.
An information content entity consisting of a two dimensional arrangement of information content entities such that the arrangement itself is about something.
Any picture, diagram or table
that fucoidan has a small statistically significant effect on AT3 level but no useful clinical effect as in-vivo anticoagulant, a paraphrase of part of the last paragraph of the discussion section of the paper 'Pilot clinical study to evaluate the anticoagulant activity of fucoidan', by Lowenthal et. al.PMID:19696660
A textual entity that expresses an assertion that is intended to be tested.
A part of a publication about an investigation that is about the study design of the investigation
The section labelled 'Methods' or 'Materials and Methods' in a typical scientific journal article.
a rule is an executable which guides, defines, restricts actions
PRS
example to be added
rule
MSI
A textual entity intended to identify a particular institution
University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine
An information bearer is a material_entity, such as a hard drive, upon which an information content entity generically depends.
part of a document that has parts that are institution identifications associated with the authors of the document
The University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine and the University of Colorado Boulder.
instruction trigger
a directive information entity that specifies what should happen if the trigger condition is fulfilled
OBI branch derived
PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch
conditional specification
A source code module is a directive information entity that specifies, using a programming language, some algorithm.
The written source code that implements part of an algorithm. Test - if you know that it was written in a specific language, then it can be source code module. We mean here, roughly, the wording of a document such as a perl script.
source code module
A textual entity that describes a figure
Figure 1: A system diagram describing the modules of the Hanalyzer. Reading methods (green) take external sources of knowledge (blue) and extract information from them, either by parsing structured data or biomedical language processing to extract information from unstructured data. Reading modules are responsible for tracking the provenance of all knowledge. Reasoning methods (yellow) enrich the knowledge that results from reading by, for example, noting two genes that are annotated to the same ontology term or database entry. All knowledge sources, read or reasoned, are assigned a reliability score, and all are combined using that score into a knowledge network (orange) that represents the integration of all sorts of relationship between a pair of genes and a combined reliability score. A data network (also orange) is created from experimental results to be analyzed. The reporting modules (pink) integrate the data and knowledge networks, producing visualizations that can be queried with the associated drill-down tool.
2009-03-16: provenance: a term a plan was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000344) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was " a plan is a specification of a process that is realized by an actor to achieve the objective specified as part of the plan". It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.
plan specification
a directive information entity that when concretized it is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives, in part by taking the actions specified. Plan specifications includes parts such as objective specification, action specifications and conditional specifications.
Alan Ruttenberg
OBI Plan and Planned Process branch
PMID: 18323827.Nat Med. 2008 Mar;14(3):226.New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice.
2/3/2009 Comment from OBI review. Action specification not well enough specified. Conditional specification not well enough specified. Question whether all plan specifications have objective specifications. Request that IAO either clarify these or change definitions not to use them
Alternative previous definition: a plan is a set of instructions that specify how an objective should be achieved
A textual entity that expresses the results of reasoning about a problem, for instance as typically found towards the end of scientific papers.
2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg: We need to work on the definition still
heatmap
PERSON:Melanie Courtot
PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
A heatmap is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where the values taken by a variable(s) are shown as colors in a two-dimensional map.
PERSON:James Malone
A shorter version of a document title
histogram
A histogram is a report graph which is a statistical description of a distribution in terms of occurrence frequencies of different event classes.
The pattern in ink on a page of a paperback novel.
A quality of an information bearer that imparts the information content
Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
journal article
Examples are articles published in the journals, Nature and Science. The content can often be cited by reference to a paper based encoding, e.g. Authors, Title of article, Journal name, date or year of publication, volume and page number.
a report that is published in a journal
A textual entity intended to identify a particular author
L. Hunter
part of a document that enumerates the authors of the document
Lawrence Hunter and Kevin Brettonel Cohen
two dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate datum
A cartesion spatial coordinate datum that uses two values to specify a position within a two dimensional spatial region
dot plot
Dot plot of SSC-H and FSC-H.
A dot plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where each data point is represented by a single dot placed on coordinates corresponding to data point values in particular dimensions.
a document assembled by an author for the purpose of providing information for the audience. A report is the output of a documenting process and has the objective to be consumed by a specific audience. Topic of the report is on something that has completed. A report is not a single figure. Examples of reports are journal article, patent application, grant progress report, case report (not patient record)
2009-03-16: this was report of results with definition: A report is a narrative object that is a formal statement of the results of an investigation, or of any matter on which definite information is required, made by some person or body instructed or required to do so.
report
2009-08-10 Alan Ruttenberg: Larry Hunter suggests that this be obsoleted and replaced by 'document'. Alan restored as there are OBI dependencies and this merits further discussion
2009-03-16: comment from Darren Natale: I am slightly uneasy with the sentence "Topic of the report is on something that has completed." Should it be restricted to those things that are completed? For example, a progress report is (usually) about something that definitely has *not* been completed, or may include (only) projections. I think the definition would not suffer if the whole sentence is deleted.
2009-03-16: work has been done on this term during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
disagreement about where reports go. alan: only some gene lists are reports. Is a report all the content of some document? The example of usage suggests that a report may be part of some article. Term needs clarification
Examples of reports are gene lists and investigation reports. These are not published (journal) articles but may be included in a journal article.
data set
2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg. The intention is that this term represent collections of like data. So this isn't for, e.g. the whole contents of a cel file, which includes parameters, metadata etc. This is more like java arrays of a certain rather specific type
A data item that is an aggregate of other data items of the same type that have something in common. Averages and distributions can be determined for data sets.
Intensity values in a CEL file or from multiple CEL files comprise a data set (as opposed to the CEL files themselves).
Textual characteristics of traditional and Open Access scientific journals are similar
A textual entity that names a document
PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
A photographic print is a material entity upon which a photograph generically depends.
data format specification
A data format specification is the information content borne by the document published defining the specification. Example: The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file
2009-03-16: provenance: term imported from OBI_0000187, which had original definition "A data format specification is a plan which organizes information. Example: The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file"
a directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take
Pour the contents of flask 1 into flask 2
Venn diagram
WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venn_diagram
A Venn diagram is a report graph showing all hypothetically possible logical relations between a finite collection of sets.
A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole
A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book
Comparison of gene expression values in two samples can be displayed in a scatter plot
scatter plot
WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scatterplot
scattergraph
A scatterplot is a graph which uses Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis.
survival curve
A survival curve is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where the percentage of survival is plotted as a function of time.
WEB: http://www.graphpad.com/www/book/survive.htm
programming language
R, Perl, Java
A language in which source code is written, intended to executed/run by a software interpreter. Programming languages are ways to write instructions that specify what to do, and sometimes, how to do it.
A lot number is an information content entity which is an identical sequence of character borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging for each instances of a product class in a discrete batch of an item. Lot numbers are usually assigned to each separate production run of an item. Manufacturing as a lot might be due to a variety of reasons, for example, a single process during which many individuals are made from the same portion of source material. Lot numbers can be encoded in a pattern of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots.
A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of length quality
Alan grouped these in placeholder for the moment. Name by analogy to measurement datum.
2/3/2009 Feedback from OBI This should be a "setting specification". There is a question of whether it is information about a realizable or not. Pro other specification are about realizables. Cons sometimes specifies a quality which is not a realizable.
A settings datum is a datum that denotes some configuration of an instrument.
2009-03-16: provenance: a term realizable information entity was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000337) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was "is the specification of a process that can be concretized and realized by an actor" with alternative term "instruction".It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.
Werner pushed back on calling it realizable information entity as it isn't realizable. However this name isn't right either. An example would be a recipe. The realizable entity would be a plan, but the information entity isn't about the plan, it, once concretized, *is* the plan. -Alan
An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process.
directive information entity
8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Changed label from "information entity about a realizable" after discussions at ICBO
Answers the question, why did you do this experiment?
objective specification
a directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved.
OBI Plan and Planned Process/Roles Branch
purpose of a study; support of hypothesis, discovery of new information
2009-03-16: original definition when imported from OBI read: "objective is an non realizable information entity which can serve as that proper part of a plan towards which the realization of the plan is directed."
A part of a publication about an investigation that is about the objective specification (why the investigation is being done)
introduction
introduction to a publication about an investigation
Section labelled 'introduction' of a typical scientific journal article
time trigger
revisit?
A document that has been accepted by a publisher
A journal article or book
endnote
The referent in the text is usually indicated by a special typographic character such as * or a superscripted number, which is also used to indicate the footnote that refers to that text.
A part of a document that is about a specific other part of the document. Usually footnotes are spatially segregated from the rest of the document.
Do we care? Jennifer: Yes, there was a particular version of R that had a bug and it was fixed later. That would imply that we mean specific version of an interpreter. So an instance of this would be a particular version of the interpreter
software interpreter
R program, Perl interpreter, Java virtual machine
An algorithmy that takes, as input, some digital entity, and takes action driven by the information content of that algorithm
Examples of measurement unit labels are liters, inches, weight per volume.
A measurement unit label is as a label that is part of a scalar measurement datum and denotes a unit of measure.
measurement unit label
2009-03-16: review of this term done during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
2009-03-16: provenance: a term measurement unit was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000176) , edited by Chris Stoeckert and Cristian Cocos, and subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definition of this, different, term.
discussion section of a publication about an investigation
discussion section
A part of a publication about an investigation that is about the study interpretation of the investigation
Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities
AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc.
text
MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities.
A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc.
A version number is an information content entity which is a sequence of characters borne by part of each of a class of manufactured products or its packaging and indicates its order within a set of other products having the same name.
Note: we feel that at the moment we are happy with a general version number, and that we will subclass as needed in the future. For example, see 7. genome sequence version
A textual entity that contains a two-dimensional arrangement of texts repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, such that the spatial relationships among the constituent texts expresses propositions
| T F --+----- T | T F F | F F
A document that has been accepted by a patent authority
US Patent 6,449,603
2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym.
2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum.
2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers.
Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries.
data
a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements.
JAR: datum -- well, this will be very tricky to define, but maybe some information-like stuff that might be put into a computer and that is meant, by someone, to denote and/or to be interpreted by some process... I would include lists, tables, sentences... I think I might defer to Barry, or to Brian Cantwell Smith JAR: A data item is an approximately justified approximately true approximate belief
data item
A part of a publication that is about the specific contributions of each author
LH conceived of the hypothesis, designed the study and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. KBC executed the experiments, analyzed the data, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript.
A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of mass quality
A summary of the entire document that is substantially smaller than the document it summarizes. It is about the document it summarizes.
The profusion of high-throughput instruments and the explosion of new results in the scientific literature, particularly in molecular biomedicine, is both a blessing and a curse to the bench researcher. Even knowledgeable and experienced scientists can benefit from computational tools that help navigate this vast and rapidly evolving terrain. In this paper, we describe a novel computational approach to this challenge, a knowledge-based system that combines reading, reasoning and reporting methods to facilitate analysis of experimental data. Reading methods extract information from external resources, either by parsing structured data or biomedical language processing to extract information from unstructured data, and track knowledge provenance. Reasoning methods enrich the knowledge that results from reading by, for example, noting two genes that are annotated to the same ontology term or database entry. Reasoning is also used to combine all sources into a knowledge network that represents the integration of all sorts of relationships between a pair of genes, and to calculate a combined reliability score. Reporting methods combine the knowledge network with a congruent network constructed from experimental data and visualize the combined network in a tool that facilitates the knowledge-based analysis of that data.
A molecular structure ribbon cartoon showing helices, turns and sheets and their relations to each other in space.
A figure that expresses one or more propositions
Philippe Rocca-Serra
PMID: 18378114.Genomics. 2008 Mar 28. LINKGEN: A new algorithm to process data in genetic linkage studies.
algorithm
adapted from discussion on OBI list (Matthew Pocock, Christian Cocos, Alan Ruttenberg)
A plan specification which describes inputs, output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving an predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata.
Most scientific journal articles
A publication that is about an investigation
scientific publication
The list of citations found at the end of a scientific publication, grant proposal or patent application, sometimes called "literature cited" or "bibliography"
A part of a document that has citations as parts
WEB: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/photograph
PERSON:Joanne Luciano
photograph
A photograph is created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.
A table that relates document parts to specific locations in a document (usually page numbers). This is also a document part (subsumption there should be inferred).
Density plot of SSC-H and FSC-H.
A density plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where the tint of a particular pixel corresponds to some kind of function corresponding the the amount of data points relativelly with their distance from the the pixel.
density plot
an information content entity that is part of a document
An abstract, introduction, method or results section.
dendrogram
WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendrogram
Dendrograms are often used in computational biology to illustrate the clustering of genes.
A dendrogram is a report graph which is a tree diagram frequently used to illustrate the arrangement of the clusters produced by a clustering algorithm.
2009-08-18 Alan Ruttenberg - question to BFO list about whether the BFO sense of the lower dimensional regions is that they are always part of actual space (the three dimensional sort) http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-discuss/browse_thread/thread/9d04e717e39fb617
A cartesian spatial coordinate datum is a representation of a point in a spatial region, in which equal changes in the magnitude of a coordinate value denote length qualities with the same magnitude
one dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate datum
A cartesion spatial coordinate datum that uses one value to specify a position along a one dimensional spatial region
A role inhering in a person or organization that is realized when the bearer participates in the work which is the basis of the document, in the writing of the document, and signs it with their name.
author role
Would write this as: has_part some 'measurement unit label' and has_part some numeral and has_part exactly 2, except for the fact that this won't let us take advantage of OWL reasoning over the numbers. Instead use has measurment value property to represent the same. Use has measurement unit label (subproperty of has_part) so we can easily say that there is only one of them.
a scalar measurement datum is a measurement datum that is composed of two parts, numerals and a unit label.
2009-03-16: we decided to keep datum singular in scalar measurement datum, as in this case we explicitly refer to the singular form
A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label
The word Boston on a traffic signn in Massachusetts generically denotes the city of Boston
2009-08-18 Alan Ruttenberg. changed name to denotes per discussions. Definition still uses specifically denotes. Will fix that in second pass.
g denotes r =def r is a portion of reality there is some c that is a concretization of g every c that is a concretization of g specifically denotes r
This one is the one we are struggling with at the moment. The issue is what a measurement measures. On the one hand saying that it measures the quality would include it "measuring" the bearer = referring to the bearer in the measurement. However this makes comparisons of two different things not possible. On the other hand not having it inhere in the bearer, on the face of it, breaks the audit trail. Werner suggests a solution based on "Magnitudes" a proposal for which we are awaiting details.
From the second IAO workshop [Alan Ruttenberg 8/6/2009: not completely current, though bringing in comparison is probably important] This one is the one we are struggling with at the moment. The issue is what a measurement measures. On the one hand saying that it measures the quality would include it "measuring" the bearer = referring to the bearer in the measurement. However this makes comparisons of two different things not possible. On the other hand not having it inhere in the bearer, on the face of it, breaks the audit trail. Werner suggests a solution based on "Magnitudes" a proposal for which we are awaiting details. -- From the second IAO workshop, various comments, [commented on by Alan Ruttenberg 8/6/2009] unit of measure is a quality, e.g. the length of a ruler. [We decided to hedge on what units of measure are, instead talking about measurement unit labels, which are the information content entities that are about whatever measurement units are. For IAO we need that information entity in any case. See the term measurement unit label] [Some struggling with the various subflavors of is_about. We subsequently removed the relation represents, and describes until and only when we have a better theory] a represents b means either a denotes b or a describes describe: a describes b means a is about b and a allows an inference of at least one quality of b We have had a long discussion about denotes versus describes.
From the second meeting on IAO: An attempt at defining assay using Barry's "reliability" wording assay: process and has_input some material entity and has_output some information content entity and which is such that instances of this process type reliably generate outputs that describes the input.
From the second IAO workshop: An attempt at tieing the quality to the measurement datum more carefully. a is a magnitude means a is a determinate quality particular inhering in some bearer b existing at a time t that can be represented/denoted by an information content entity e that has parts denoting a unit of measure, a number, and b. The unit of measure is an instance of the determinable quality.
m is a quality measurement of q at t when q is a quality there is a measurement process p that has specified output m, a measurement datum, that is about q
8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: The strategy is to be rather specific with this relationship. There are other kinds of measurements that are not of qualities, such as those that measure time. We will add these as separate properties for the moment and see about generalizing later
2009/10/19 Alan Ruttenberg. Named 'junk' relation useful in restrictions, but not a real instance relationship
inverse of the relation of is quality measurement of
An information artifact IA mentions an entity E exactly when it has a component/part that geenerically denotes E
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. P4 RC1 munges our GCI so remove it for now: mentions some entity equivalentTo has_part some ('generically denotes' some entity)
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Add this relation following conversation with Jonathan Rees that N&S GCI for is_about was too strong. Really it was simply sufficient. To effect this change we introduce this relation, which is subproperty of is_about, and have previous GCI use this relation "mentions" in it's (logical) definition
a relation between a data item and a quality of a material entity where the material entity is the specified output of a material transformation which achieves an objective specification that indicates the intended value of the specified quality.
is_concretized_as
This document is about information artifacts and their representations
is_about is a (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity.
7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. Following discussion with Jonathan Rees, and introduction of "mentions" relation. Weaken the is_about relationship to be primitive. We will try to build it back up by elaborating the various subproperties that are more precisely defined. Some currently missing phenomena that should be considered "about" are predications - "The only person who knows the answer is sitting beside me" , Allegory, Satire, and other literary forms that can be topical without explicitly mentioning the topic.
The process of creation is, for example, writing down on paper the name of a friend by deliberately creating a certain pattern using ink. Here the ink + paper is the independent continuant and the carrier is the pattern in the ink. c = pattern in the ink b = paper + ink r = friend
8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: The suggestions is to deprecate specific and generically denotes in favor of a single denote relationship that corresponds to the generic sense
c specifically denotes r =def r is a portion of reality & c is a particular quality & c depends specifically on some independent continuant b & b acquired c as the result of the achievement of an objective to enable pointing to r repeatedly. Marked means there is a changed or additional quality of the bearer - the quality is the information carrier. Case 1 Memory trace as mark created when reading some description of some friend. The trace can denote. Case 2 Pattern of ink arrayed on paper as mark when writing down a friend's name Case 3 Pattern of magnetic domains on scattered pieces of a hard disk platter as mark when saving a file.
relating a cartesian spatial coordinate datum to a unit label that together with the values represent a point
inverse of the relation of is quality specification of
is_concretization_of
relates a process to a time-measurement-datum that represents the duration of the process
There is controversy about this relation intended to represent the relation between some arbitrary physical thing that is used as a represention/proxy/pointer to something else
example of usage
imported from
alternative term
has obsolescence reason
definition editor
in branch
definition source
editor note
definition
editor preferred term
has curation status
investigation
a planned process that consists of parts: planning, study design execution, documentation and which produce conclusion(s).
a planned process that realizes the concretization of a study design
study design
A study design is a plan specification comprised of protocols (which may specify how and what kinds of data will be gathered) that are executed as part of an investigation and is realized during a study design execution.
planned process
A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification.
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter.