Instructional Method will typically include ways of presenting instructional materials or conducting instructional activities, patterns of learner-to-learner and learner-to-instructor interactions, and mechanisms by which group and individual levels of learning are measured. Instructional methods include all aspects of the instruction and learning processes from planning and implementation through evaluation and feedback.
A process, used to engender knowledge, attitudes and skills, that the described resource is designed to support.
Instructional Method
Folgende Transformation
Next transform
Transformación siguiente
Transformation suivante
Volgende transformatie
Sense relation
Sinn-Relation
Relation de Signification
Relación de Acepción
Zin relatie
Denotes a relationship between senses
Context
Contexto
Contexte
Kontext
Denotes the pragmatic or discursive context of a sense mapping or a constraint on the mapping by syntactic or semantic properites
Date of acceptance of the resource.
Date Accepted
Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal).
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status.
Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
A process that is used to engender knowledge, attitudes, and skills.
Method of Instruction
Complemento de la propiedad
Object of property
Object van predikaat
Objekt von Prädikat
Indicates the semantic argument which represents the objects (ranges) of the property referred to by this sense
Complément de la propiété
Onderwerp van predikaat
Sujet de la propiété
Sujeto de la propiedad
Subjekt von Prädikat
Indicates the semantic argument which represents the subjects (domain) of the property referred to by this sense
Subject of property
Property Value
Waarde van het predikaat
Valor de la propiedad
Prädikatswert
Valeur de la propriété
Свойство
A value that can be used in the range of linguistic property
The set of conceptual resources specified by the Universal Decimal Classification.
UDC
The set of conceptual resources specified by the Library of Congress Classification.
LCC
Definition
A definition of a sememe, that is the a text describing the exact meaning of the lexical entry when its sense is the given ontology reference
Definitie
Définition
Definición
Определение
Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
A bibliographic reference for the resource.
Bibliographic Citation
Baum
Tree
Árbol
Arbre
Boom
The set of codes listed in ISO 3166-1 for the representation of names of countries.
ISO 3166
Transformation
Transform
Transformación
Transformatie
Prototype
Prototipo
Prototyp
Прототип
The set of dates and times constructed according to the W3C Date and Time Formats Specification.
W3C-DTF
Morphologische Transformation
Morphological Transform
Transformación morfológica
Transformation morphologique
Morphologisch transformatie
Морфологическое преобразование
Bedingung
Voorwaarde
Условие
Condition
Condición
Indicates a logical condition that is used indicate when a particular term has the given meaning
Constituyente
Constitutif
Constituent
Konstituent
A statement about the intellectual property rights (IPR) held in or over a Resource, a legal document giving official permission to do something with a resource, or a statement about access rights.
Rights Statement
A class of entity for whom the resource is intended or useful.
Audience
Argument
A slot representing a gap that must be filled in realising a lexical entry in a given projection
Аргумент
Actant
Argumento
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Rights Holder
Examples include written, spoken, sign, and computer languages.
A system of signs, symbols, sounds, gestures, or rules used in communication.
Linguistic System
Kante
Denotes the relation between a node in a multi-word expression structure and an edge
Lijn
Lien
Arista
Edge
Контекст
Indicates the context in which a term is to be used. The context refers not to the immediate syntactic context, but the document and register the document is used in
A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.
License
Acepción de
Indicate that a sense is realised by the given lexical entry
Sense of
Sinn von
Signfication de
Zin van
Mediator
An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful.
In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver.
Forma
Форма
A given written or spoken realisation of a lexical entry
Vorm
Forme
Form
Voorstelling
Representation
Darstellung
Representación
A realisation of a given form
Représentation
Has Version
A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource.
This term is intended to be used with non-literal values as defined in the DCMI Abstract Model (http://dublincore.org/documents/abstract-model/). As of December 2007, the DCMI Usage Board is seeking a way to express this intention with a formal range declaration.
The set of conceptual resources specified by the National Library of Medicine Classification.
NLM
Examples of Agent Class include groups seen as classes, such as students, women, charities, lecturers.
A group of agents.
Agent Class
A plan or course of action by an authority, intended to influence and determine decisions, actions, and other matters.
Policy
Date (often a range) of validity of a resource.
Date Valid
A method by which resources are added to a collection.
Method of Accrual
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of a resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation.
Provenance Statement
A related resource that is required by the described resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence.
Requires
Beispiel
Example
Ejemplo
Exemple
Voorbeeld
Indicates an evaluable test, the is necessary for this sense to apply
Optionele
Denotes that the syntactic argument is optional (may be omitted)
Optionnel
Opcional
Optional
A related resource that is supplanted, displaced, or superseded by the described resource.
Replaces
The set of labeled concepts specified by the Medical Subject Headings.
MeSH
Äußerliche Argument
Extrinsic argument
Argumento extrínseco
Actant extrinsèque
Extrinsiek argument
A raisable semantic argument is not in fact the semantic argument of the current frame-sense but instead is "raised" into a frame-sense used for an argument. For example the phrase "John seemed to be happy", is interpreted as "it seemed that X" where X is "John is happy", hence the subject of "seem" is a raisable argument.
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation.
Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
A class of entity, defined in terms of progression through an educational or training context, for which the described resource is intended.
Audience Education Level
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant.
Spatial topic and spatial applicability may be a named place or a location specified by its geographic coordinates. Temporal topic may be a named period, date, or date range. A jurisdiction may be a named administrative entity or a geographic place to which the resource applies. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Thesaurus of Geographic Names [TGN]. Where appropriate, named places or time periods can be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as sets of coordinates or date ranges.
Coverage
An interval of time that is named or defined by its start and end dates.
Period of Time
The set of points in space defined by their geographic coordinates according to the DCMI Point Encoding Scheme.
DCMI Point
A basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated.
Standard
Identifier
Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.
Lexikonthema
Lexical Topic
Tema léxica
Thème lexicale
Lexikaal Thema
Indicates the topic of a lexicon or a lexical entry
Date of creation of the resource.
Date Created
Denotes the component referred to by the lex (pre-terminal) of the phrase structure
Blatt
Feuille
Leaf
Blad
Hoja
Mot
Palabra
Wort
Woord
A word is a single unit of writing or speech. In languages written in Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic scripts etc. these are assumed to be separated by white-space characters. For Chinese, Japanese, Korean this should correspond to some agreed segmentation scheme.
Слово
Word
The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation.
Provenance
DCMI Metadata Terms - other
A spatial region or named place.
Location
Autre forme
Otra forma
Andere Form
A non-preferred ("non-dictionary") representation of a lexical entry. This should be variant that is either a morphological variant, an abbreviation, short form or acronym
Other form
Andere vorm
A book, article, or other documentary resource.
Bibliographic Resource
Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Internet Media Types [MIME].
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.
Format
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Spatial Coverage
The three-letter alphabetic codes listed in ISO639-2 for the representation of names of languages.
ISO 639-2
lemon
Lemon: The lexicon model for ontologies is designed to allow for descriptions of lexical information regarding ontological elements and other RDF resources. Lemon covers mapping of lexical decomposition, phrase structure, syntax, variation, morphology, and lexicon-ontology mapping.
Indicates a natural language definition. Note there is a pseudo-node to allow for further description of the definition (e.g., source, creation date etc.). The value property should be used to indicate the string value of the definition.
Маркер синтаксической роли
Syntactische Rolle-Marker
Marqueur du rôle syntaxique
Syntactic role marker
Marcador de la función sintáctica
The indicator of a given syntactic argument, normally a preposition or other particle marker or a linguistic property such as case
Syntactisch rol merker
Examples include paper, canvas, or DVD.
A physical material or carrier.
Physical Medium
Is Format Of
A related resource that is substantially the same as the described resource, but in another format.
Alternative Title
The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.
An alternative name for the resource.
Elément
Denotes the lexical entry represented by the component
Elemento
Element
Raíz del sintagma
Phrasewurzel
Phrase root
Base de la syntagme
Zinsdeel wortel
Indicates the head node of a phrase structure or dependency parse graph
Form-Variante
Form variant
Variante de la forma
Variante de la forme
Vorm variant
Language
Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as RFC 4646 [RFC4646].
A language of the resource.
Lexical sense
Lexikaal zin
Lexikonsinn
Acepción léxica
Signification lexicale
Represents the intersection in meaning between the lexical entry and the ontology entity. This is used as the ontology entity and lexical entry may not be in one-to-one correspondence as such the existence of a sense between them states meerly that there are some cases when this lexical entry refer to the ontology entity and vica versa. Mapping elements can be used to further specify this relation
Marco
Frame
Rahmen
Cadre
Raam
Рамка
A stereotypical example of the usage of a given lexical entry. The most common example of projections are subcategorization frames which describe the slots taken by the arguments of a verb.
Lexikaal Context
Indicates the pragmatic or discourse context in which a sense applies
Contexto léxico
Contexte lexical
Lexikonkontext
Лексический контекст
Lexical Context
Referencia de
Referenz von
Référence de
Referentie van
Indicate that a reference has a given sense
Reference of
Entrée lexicale
Лексическая единица
Lexikoneintrag
Lexical entry
Entrada léxica
An entry in the lexicon. This may be any morpheme, word, compound, phrase or clause that is included in the lexicon
Lexikaal item
A media type or extent.
Media Type or Extent
Морфологический шаблон
Morphological pattern
Patrón morfológico
Morphologisch Patroon
Morphologische Muster
Patron morphologique
The described resource may be derived from the related resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
A related resource from which the described resource is derived.
Source
Hidden reference of
Verborgen referentie van
Référence cachée de
Referencia oculta de
Verborgene Referenz von
The sense of a non-admissible lexicalization for a ontology entity. This is used to denote incorrect or deprecated language that may be useful for information extraction but not generation
Denotes a lexical property of a lexical entry, form, component or MWE node. For the lexical entry this is assumed to be static properties e.g., part of speech and gender and for the others this is assumed to be specific properties e.g., case, number
Lexical property
Lexikalische Prädikat
Propiété lexicale
Propiedad léxica
Lexikaal predikaat
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource.
Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF].
Date
Deel van de zin
Parte del acepción
Teil des Sinnes
Indicates that the relation between a compound sense and its atomic subsenses
Signification composante
Subsense
untended
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
Temporal Coverage
A summary of the resource.
Abstract
Genereert
Genera
Generates
Порождает
Erzeugt
Génère
Preferred reference of
Bevorzugte Referenz von
The sense of the preferred lexicalization of a given ontology entity
Voorkeursreferentie van
Référence préféré de
Referencia preferida de
Plus large
Más amplio
Breiter
Denotes that one sense is broader than another. From a lexical point of view this means replacing one lexical entry with another generalizes the meaning of the phrase. From an ontological point of view this property makes not strong assertions. From a mapping point of view if the broader sense applies the narrower sense must also
Breder
Broader
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
RFC 5646 obsoletes RFC 4646.
The set of tags constructed according to RFC 5646 for the identification of languages.
RFC 5646
Referentie
Reference
Référence
Referenz
A reference to an external resource
Referencia
Regel
Rule
Regla
Règle
Node
A node in a phrase structure or dependency parse graph
Punt
Knoten
Vértice
Узел
Nœud
Más estrecho
Denotes that one sense is narrower than another. From a lexical point of view this means replacing one lexical entry with another specializes the meaning of the phrase. From an ontological point of view this property makes not strong assertions. From a mapping point of view if the broader sense applies the narrower sense must also
Plus restreint
Enger
Narrower
Equivalente
Äquivalent
Indicates that two senses are equivalent. From a lexical point of view , this indicates that the lexical entries can be substituted for each other with no change in meaning. From an ontological point of view it means that the two references are not disjoint. From a mapping point of view it means if one mapping apply the other must necessarily apply
Equivalent
The set of tags, constructed according to RFC 1766, for the identification of languages.
RFC 1766
The extent or range of judicial, law enforcement, or other authority.
Jurisdiction
A legal document giving official permission to do something with a Resource.
License Document
Prädikatszielmenge
Indicates a restrictions on the range of the property. That is, this sense only applies if the property the sense refers to has a object in the class referred to by this property
Property range
Bereik van het predikaat
Rango de la propiedad
Image de la propiété
Merker
Marcador
Marker
Denotes the marker of a semantic argument. This should generally either be a semantic property i.e., case or another lexical entry e.g., a preposition or particle
маркер
Marqueur
Deel van een woord
Часть слова
Part of word
An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word. Use this for lexical entries with only abstract forms
Partie du mot
Parte de la palabra
Wortteil
Onverenigbaar
Inkompatibel
Incompatible
Says that the two senses are disjoint. From a lexical point of view, this means substituting the lexical entries must change the meaning of the phrase. From an ontological point of view, this property is implied if both references are also disjoint, but does not imply disjointness, but non-equivalence of the references. For the mapping point of view there is not instance when both mappings are valid.
Date Submitted
Date of submission of the resource.
Examples of resources to which a Date Submitted may be relevant are a thesis (submitted to a university department) or an article (submitted to a journal).
Dekompositum
Décomposition
Decomposition
Descomposición
Decompositie
Denotes a component of a lexical entry
The set of labeled concepts specified by the Library of Congress Subject Headings.
LCSH
Sintagma
Фраза
Phrase
Zinsdeel
A phrase in lemon is defined in the looser sense of a sequence of words, it does not have to a fully grammatical phrase
Syntagme
The set of media types specified by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
IMT
A related resource.
Recommended best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
Relation
A representation of a lexical entry that should not be considered canonical. This is primarily from a linguistic view for non-realisable forms such as stems but may also include misspellings and other unusual forms
Forma abstracta
Forme abstraite
Abstract form
Abstracte vorm
Abstrakte Form
A name given to the resource.
Title
Examples of Agent include person, organization, and software agent.
A resource that acts or has the power to act.
Agent
The set of regions in space defined by their geographic coordinates according to the DCMI Box Encoding Scheme.
DCMI Box
Составляющая
The class of constituents, that is types applied to nodes in a phrase structure graph
Syntactisch optreden
Funcionamiento sintáctico
Indicates a syntactic behavior of a lexical entry
Syntactische Verhalten
Syntactic behavior
Conduite syntaxique
Examples include the formats defined by the list of Internet Media Types.
A digital resource format.
File Format
Voorbeeld van het gebruik
Пример использования
Usage Example
Exemple d'utilisation
An example of the usage of a lexical entry when refering to the ontology entity given by the sememe's reference. This should in effect be an example of the form used in context. E.g., "this is a *usage example*"
Ejemplo de uso
Anwendungsbeispiel
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Medium
Typically, the subject will be represented using keywords, key phrases, or classification codes. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
The topic of the resource.
Subject
Type
Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the DCMI Type Vocabulary [DCMITYPE]. To describe the file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource, use the Format element.
The nature or genre of the resource.
Examples include a number of pages, a specification of length, width, and breadth, or a period in hours, minutes, and seconds.
A dimension or extent, or a time taken to play or execute.
Size or Duration
Date Modified
Date on which the resource was changed.
The set of identifiers constructed according to the generic syntax for Uniform Resource Identifiers as specified by the Internet Engineering Task Force.
URI
The set of places specified by the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
TGN
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Conforms To
Rights
Typically, rights information includes a statement about various property rights associated with the resource, including intellectual property rights.
Information about rights held in and over the resource.
RFC 3066 has been obsoleted by RFC 4646.
The set of tags constructed according to RFC 3066 for the identification of languages.
RFC 3066
Structural element for all elements that can be tagged with a language
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource.
Creator
Examples of a Creator include a person, an organization, or a service.
Gives the written representation of a given form
Schriftliche Darstellung
Représentation écrite
Schriftelijke voorstelling
Written representation
Representación escrita
The policy governing the addition of items to a collection.
Accrual Policy
The set of time intervals defined by their limits according to the DCMI Period Encoding Scheme.
DCMI Period
The set of conceptual resources specified by the Dewey Decimal Classification.
DDC
A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
Has Part
Lengua
Langue
Taal
The language of a given lexicon. This should be some ISO-639 string
Sprache
The frequency with which items are added to a collection.
Accrual Periodicity
The set of three-letter codes listed in ISO 639-3 for the representation of names of languages.
ISO 639-3
Tema
Thème
Thema
Indicates the topic of the overrall lexicon, this is property is sometimes called "subject field". Note that in addition to the topic of a lexicon each lexical entry may belong to a given domain, this can be modelled as equal or not equal to the topic of the associated lexicon
Topic
A related resource that requires the described resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence.
Is Required By
Canonical form
Kanonische Form
Canonieke vorm
Forma canónica
The canonical ("dictionary") form of the lexical entry. This can be used to indicate the "lemma" form of a lexical entry
Forme canonique
Variante lexicale
Lexikalische Variante
Lexical variant
Indicates a non-semantic relationship between two lexical entries. E.g., a term is derived from another term, such as "lexical" and "lexicalize"
Variante léxica
Lexikaal variant
Argumento sintáctico
Actant syntaxique
Syntactic argument
Indicates a slot in a syntactic frame
Syntactische Argument
Syntactisch argument
Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource.
An account of the resource.
Description
A related resource that is substantially the same as the pre-existing described resource, but in another format.
Has Format
Wert
Value
Valor
Valeur
Waarde
This indicates the value of a pseudo-data node. An example of this is definition where the value would generally be a string but it would not be possible to add further annotations, such as source or creation date.
Lexikalische Form
Lexikaal vorm
Lexical form
Forma léxica
Forme lexicale
Denotes a written representation of a lexical entry
Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available.
Date Available
Indicates a restrictions on the domain of the property. That is, this sense only applies if the property the sense refers to has a subject in the class referred to by this property
Prädikatsbereich
Domein van het predikaat
Property domain
Dominio de la propiedad
Ensemble de la propiété
Muster
Pattern
Patroon
Patron
Шаблон
Patrón
Компонента
Composant
Bestanddeel
Komponente
Component
A constituent element of a lexical entry. This may be a word in a multi-word lexical element or a constituent of a compound word
Componente
RFC 4646 obsoletes RFC 3066.
The set of tags constructed according to RFC 4646 for the identification of languages.
RFC 4646
Is Replaced By
A related resource that supplants, displaces, or supersedes the described resource.
A file format or physical medium.
Media Type
A list of subunits of the resource.
Table Of Contents
Zin
Indicates the sense of a lexical entry
Signification
Acepción
Sense
Sinn
Phrase-Element
Phrase element
Elemento del sintagma
Elément du syntagme
Zinselement
A terminal node in a phrase structure graph, i.e., a realisable, lexical element.
Indicates an entry in a lexicon
Eintrag
Entry
Entrada
Entrée
Item
Separador
Afscheider
Indicates the graphical element used to seperate the subnodes of this phrase structure. It is generally recommended that you use a string value with the language tag used to indicate script, (i.e., using ISO-15924 codes, such as "Latn"), as orthographic features may change with script.
Separator
Séparateur
An entity responsible for making the resource available.
Publisher
Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organization, or a service.
Semantisch argument
Semantic argument
Actant sémantique
Semantische Argument
Argumento semántico
Denotes a semantic argument slot of a semantic unit
Лексическое условие
Lexikonbedingung
Lexical Condition
Lexikaal Voorwaarde
Condición léxica
Condition lexicale
An evaluable condition on when a sense applies.
Alternatieve referentie van
The sense of a non-preferred but admissible lexicalization of a given ontology entity
Alternative reference of
Référence alternative de
Alternative Referenz von
Referencia alternativa de
The set of classes specified by the DCMI Type Vocabulary, used to categorize the nature or genre of the resource.
DCMI Type Vocabulary
The size or duration of the resource.
Extent
A node within a list of components. This should generally be a blank node,see rdf:List
Lexikon
Лексикон
Lexique
Lexicón
Lexicon
The lexicon object. This object is specific to the given language and/or domain it describes
A location, period of time, or jurisdiction.
Location, Period, or Jurisdiction
The method by which items are added to a collection.
Accrual Method
References
A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource.
Examples of a Contributor include a person, an organization, or a service.
Contributor
A material thing.
Physical Resource
Date Copyrighted
Date of copyright.
Instance of
Denotes that the single argument of a class predicate is represented in the lexicon by the given semantic argument. That is Class(?x) or ?x rdf:type Class
Instancia de
Instantie van
Instance de
Instanz von
Date Issued
Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource.
A rate at which something recurs.
Frequency
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
Is Referenced By