This term is intended to be used with non-literal values as defined in the DCMI Abstract Model (http://dublincore.org/documents/abstract-model/). As of December 2007, the DCMI Usage Board is seeking a way to express this intention with a formal range declaration.
Vocabulary for Attaching Essential Metadata (VAEM) - Version 2.0
VAEM stands for "Vocabulary for Attaching Essential Metadata". What VAEM regards as essential metadata is data about dates and times, confidentiality, and other characterisitic qualifiers of the ontology, but also references to where a ontology is documented and where to find ontology registration for governance, attribution and provenance. VAEM makes use of some properties from the DC terms vocabulary using the namespace prefix "dct". VAEM is OWL-DL compliant.
The purpose of VAEM is to provide, by import, a foundation for commonly needed resources for metadata on an ontology.
Instructional Method will typically include ways of presenting instructional materials or conducting instructional activities, patterns of learner-to-learner and learner-to-instructor interactions, and mechanisms by which group and individual levels of learning are measured. Instructional methods include all aspects of the instruction and learning processes from planning and implementation through evaluation and feedback.
A process, used to engender knowledge, attitudes and skills, that the described resource is designed to support.
Instructional Method
An annotation property that can be freely used on any kind of resource. The range of the property is "xsd:string"
A "vaem:LinkSetGraph" is a graph that holds statements that specify links between resources
Date of acceptance of the resource.
Date Accepted
Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal).
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status.
Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
A process that is used to engender knowledge, attitudes, and skills.
Method of Instruction
The set of conceptual resources specified by the Universal Decimal Classification.
UDC
The set of conceptual resources specified by the Library of Congress Classification.
LCC
Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
A bibliographic reference for the resource.
Bibliographic Citation
As it name implies, a way to attach an annotation about a "todo" task
The set of codes listed in ISO 3166-1 for the representation of names of countries.
ISO 3166
The property "vaem:dateCreated" is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as "vaem:dateUnion" so as to allow a value to have a number of forms from a year only to a full timestamp
The set of dates and times constructed according to the W3C Date and Time Formats Specification.
W3C-DTF
The property "vaem:filePrefix" is for specifying a preferred file prefix for a graph. For example a schema graph may be given the file prefix "SCHEMA" followed by an underscore "_".
has license type
The property "vaem:hasLicenseType" points to an entry in the VOAG ontology for licenses
A statement about the intellectual property rights (IPR) held in or over a Resource, a legal document giving official permission to do something with a resource, or a statement about access rights.
Rights Statement
A class of entity for whom the resource is intended or useful.
Audience
A dimension identifies a separation of concens that serves as a way to categorize an ontology graph. In VAEM, the notion of "Dimension" is partitioned into "Aspect", "Discipline", "Domain" and "Viewpoint".
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Rights Holder
Examples include written, spoken, sign, and computer languages.
A system of signs, symbols, sounds, gestures, or rules used in communication.
Linguistic System
GraphRole is used to characterize how a graph of resources participates in an ontology set. For example, a graph can be a schema, vocabulary, dataset, script, or ruleset
The property "vaem:latestPublishedVersion"is a URL to documentation for the latest version of a graph.
A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.
License
Mediator
An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful.
In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver.
Has Version
A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource.
The set of conceptual resources specified by the National Library of Medicine Classification.
NLM
Examples of Agent Class include groups seen as classes, such as students, women, charities, lecturers.
A group of agents.
Agent Class
A plan or course of action by an authority, intended to influence and determine decisions, actions, and other matters.
Policy
The property "vaem:idString" is intended for general use as a means to specifiy a unique reference to something. This is a data property with a string range and is a sub-property of "vame:id"
Date (often a range) of validity of a resource.
Date Valid
A method by which resources are added to a collection.
Method of Accrual
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of a resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation.
Provenance Statement
A related resource that is required by the described resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence.
Requires
A related resource that is supplanted, displaced, or superseded by the described resource.
Replaces
The set of labeled concepts specified by the Medical Subject Headings.
MeSH
Viewpoint is used to denote how a set of resources, or an individual resource, is relevant to a context of use. The term "viewpoint" is adopted from the ISO RM-ODP specifications and its more recent use in enterprise architecture descriptions. The RM-ODP introducesd the concept of viewpoint to describe a system from a particular set of concerns. RM-ODP defines five viewpoints. Together they provide a complete description of a system: enterprise viewpoint, information viewpoint, computational viewpoint, engineering viewpoint, and technology viewpoint. In VAEM, "Viewpoint" is used as a dimension for characterizing an ontology graph. The viewpoints of an ontology may not always correpsond directly to those of a system but the idea of describing a subject area of interest from distinct viewpoints is still relevant. A viewpoint can be further distinguished by "aspects". For example the "information viewpoint" of an application can be partitioned into separate graphs for the "security", "operational" and"data retention" aspects.
The property "vaem:ownedBy" is a general property that in some cases could have scalar values or may refer to some concept of "Party". For this reason, the type of this property is set as "rdf:Property" and the property is rangeless. There are two sub-properties of "vaem:ownedBy", namely "vaem:owner" for string values and "vaem:owningParty" for referencing a party. Ownership applies to those ontologies that are proprietary
Is Version Of
A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation.
Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format.
A class of entity, defined in terms of progression through an educational or training context, for which the described resource is intended.
Audience Education Level
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant.
Spatial topic and spatial applicability may be a named place or a location specified by its geographic coordinates. Temporal topic may be a named period, date, or date range. A jurisdiction may be a named administrative entity or a geographic place to which the resource applies. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Thesaurus of Geographic Names [TGN]. Where appropriate, named places or time periods can be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as sets of coordinates or date ranges.
Coverage
An interval of time that is named or defined by its start and end dates.
Period of Time
The set of points in space defined by their geographic coordinates according to the DCMI Point Encoding Scheme.
DCMI Point
A basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated.
Standard
Identifier
Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.
A domain is a subject area of interest. Examples of domains are "enterprise", "process", "organization" and "system". In VAEM, "Domain" is used as a dimension for characterizing an ontology graph
The property "vaem:id" is intended for general use as a means to specifiy an identifier. The type of this property is intentionally set to "rdf:Property" so that use of the property can allow both object and scaler values. For this reason, the property is rangeless
Date of creation of the resource.
Date Created
The property "vaem:logo" is a reference to an image that is used for publishing the ontology"
The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation.
Provenance
DCMI Metadata Terms - other
The property "vaem:revision" is a property intended for general use as the name implies.
The property "vaem:hasDimension" is used categorize an ontology. In VAEM, the property is used to characterize an ontology graph.
The property "vaem:specificity" is intended to specify the level of detail of an ontology. The values that can be set for this property are restriced to an integer from 1 to 5. An ontology at level 1 has concepts of more general applicability than one at level 5. By having graphs at different levels of specificity it is possible to support greater modularity for selective imports
The property "lms:hasGraphRole" is used to characterize how a resource participates in an ontology set. The property is used to specify the role that a graph plays, for example, an ontology graph can be a schema, vocabulary, dataset, script, or ruleset
A spatial region or named place.
Location
A book, article, or other documentary resource.
Bibliographic Resource
Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Internet Media Types [MIME].
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.
Format
The property "vaem:name" is intended for general use. In many cases "rdfs:label" could be used give names to resources. In the case where compliance with a specific naming rule is needed, "vaem:name" allows a resource to carry a name that is used in more specific contexts.
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Spatial Coverage
The three-letter alphabetic codes listed in ISO639-2 for the representation of names of languages.
ISO 639-2
A graph that specifies a transformation of a graph into another graph or graphs. Invariably this is a SPINMap graph using SPARQL Rules (SPIN) to express the transforms.
Examples include paper, canvas, or DVD.
A physical material or carrier.
Physical Medium
Is Format Of
A related resource that is substantially the same as the described resource, but in another format.
Alternative Title
The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.
An alternative name for the resource.
Language
Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as RFC 4646 [RFC4646].
A language of the resource.
A media type or extent.
Media Type or Extent
The described resource may be derived from the related resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
A related resource from which the described resource is derived.
Source
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource.
Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF].
Date
VAEM is issued under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 United States License. Attribution should be made to TopQuadrant, Inc.
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
Temporal Coverage
A summary of the resource.
Abstract
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
RFC 5646 obsoletes RFC 4646.
The set of tags constructed according to RFC 5646 for the identification of languages.
RFC 5646
A property that is used to refer to a "Steward", that is, the party or role that is responsible for maintaining an asset, in the case of VAEM, an ontology graph.
The set of tags, constructed according to RFC 1766, for the identification of languages.
RFC 1766
The extent or range of judicial, law enforcement, or other authority.
Jurisdiction
A legal document giving official permission to do something with a Resource.
License Document
Date Submitted
Date of submission of the resource.
Examples of resources to which a Date Submitted may be relevant are a thesis (submitted to a university department) or an article (submitted to a journal).
The set of labeled concepts specified by the Library of Congress Subject Headings.
LCSH
The set of media types specified by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
IMT
A related resource.
Recommended best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
Relation
The property "vaem:lastUpdated" is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as "vaem:dateUnion" so as to allow a value to have a number of forms from a year only to a full timestamp
A name given to the resource.
Title
Examples of Agent include person, organization, and software agent.
A resource that acts or has the power to act.
Agent
The set of regions in space defined by their geographic coordinates according to the DCMI Box Encoding Scheme.
DCMI Box
The property "vaem:abbreviation" provides a common way to define a commonly used abbreviation on a resource
Examples include the formats defined by the list of Internet Media Types.
A digital resource format.
File Format
The property "vaem:releaseDate" is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as "vaem:dateUnion" so as to allow a value to have a number of forms from a year only to a full timestamp
The property "vaem:hasAspect" is used to distinguish among sets of features of a domain or subject area. The term is borrowed from "aspect-oriented" programming, where it is used to separate concerns. An ontology may be characterized by this dimension so as to parition features that are orthogonal. For example, in a systems ontology we can distinguish aspects for "structure", "function", "behavior" and "interface". The property is an "rdf:Property" to allow both scalar and object values
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Medium
Typically, the subject will be represented using keywords, key phrases, or classification codes. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
The topic of the resource.
Subject
Type
Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the DCMI Type Vocabulary [DCMITYPE]. To describe the file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource, use the Format element.
The nature or genre of the resource.
Examples include a number of pages, a specification of length, width, and breadth, or a period in hours, minutes, and seconds.
A dimension or extent, or a time taken to play or execute.
Size or Duration
A description of a justification for some other assertion or value
The property "vaemhasIdentifier" is intended for general use as a means to specifiy a unique reference to something. This is an object property that is a sub-property of "vame:id"
Date Modified
Date on which the resource was changed.
The set of identifiers constructed according to the generic syntax for Uniform Resource Identifiers as specified by the Internet Engineering Task Force.
URI
The set of places specified by the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
TGN
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Conforms To
Rights
Typically, rights information includes a statement about various property rights associated with the resource, including intellectual property rights.
Information about rights held in and over the resource.
RFC 3066 has been obsoleted by RFC 4646.
The set of tags constructed according to RFC 3066 for the identification of languages.
RFC 3066
A discipline is a specific area of work or study. Examples of disciplines in the engineering domain are electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and, in the financial domain, risk assessment, investment analysis. In VAEM, discipline is used as a dimension for characterizing an ontology graph
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource.
Creator
Examples of a Creator include a person, an organization, or a service.
The property "vaem:owningParty" is used to refer to some concept of "Party" and is a sub-property of "vaem:ownedBy"
The policy governing the addition of items to a collection.
Accrual Policy
The set of time intervals defined by their limits according to the DCMI Period Encoding Scheme.
DCMI Period
The set of conceptual resources specified by the Dewey Decimal Classification.
DDC
A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
Has Part
A "Party" is a generalization for an actor that may be realized as a person, organizaiton or named role.
The property "vaem:rdfxmlFileURL" is used to provide a link to the location of the ontology's RDF/XML file
The property "vaem:hasDiscipline" is used to indicate relevance of a set of resources, or a resource itself, to a specific discipline of work or study. Examples of disciplines in the engineering domain are electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and, in the financial domain, risk assessment, investment analysis. In VAEM, the property is used as a dimension for characterizing an ontology graph. The property is an "rdf:Property" to allow both scalar and object values
The frequency with which items are added to a collection.
Accrual Periodicity
The set of three-letter codes listed in ISO 639-3 for the representation of names of languages.
ISO 639-3
A related resource that requires the described resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence.
Is Required By
An RDF/OWL Graph that is a controlled set of instances.
An account of the resource.
Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource.
Description
A related resource that is substantially the same as the pre-existing described resource, but in another format.
Has Format
To express how statements in a model can be reifiable, this property is used to explicitly associate a property with a user-defined sub-class of "rdf:Statement". A recommended way of using this is to declare the properties that share the same reification constructs as sub-properties of a parent property that carries the "vaem:reifiableBy" property. The parent property should be of type "rdf:Property" so that it can have both datatype and object properties as sub-properties. By this means use and transformations of a model can be understood through a fully specified metamodel. "vaem:reifiableBy" is rangeless in order to comply with OWL DL semantics. Its range would have been rdfs:Class in order to refer to "rdf:Statement" sub-classes
Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available.
Date Available
The property "vaem:usesNonImportedResource" is used to express dependencies on resources from graphs that are not imported
RFC 4646 obsoletes RFC 3066.
The set of tags constructed according to RFC 4646 for the identification of languages.
RFC 4646
Is Replaced By
A related resource that supplants, displaces, or supersedes the described resource.
A file format or physical medium.
Media Type
The property "vaem:intent" is used to outline a statement of purpose. This typically expresses one or more desired outcomes
VAEM Governed Object class is a placeholder for concepts that are fully defined by the voag:GovernedObject concept hierarchy for building a catalog of ontologies and graphs
A list of subunits of the resource.
Table Of Contents
The property "vaem:withAttributionTo" is an annotation property that is either used to hold either a string or a reference to an instance of "voag:Attribution", from the VOAG ontology
The property "vaem:namespacePrefix" specifes a short handle or label for the URI of an Ontology. Multiple graphs can define statements for resources in the same Ontololgy namespace. For example, a foundation level graph with the base URI of "http://www.somesite.com/1.0/schema/OurOntology" may define general concepts for "OurOntology". Another graph with the base URI "http://www.somesite.com/1.0/schema/level2/OurOntology" may add more specific details to the same "OurOntology". Each of these two graphs would carry the same value for "vaem:namespacePrefix", for this example, perhaps, "ourOntology"
An entity responsible for making the resource available.
Publisher
Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organization, or a service.
"vaem:GraphMetaData" defines basic metadata for the registration and publishing of a graph. For specificaiton of governance the vocabulary "VOAG" may be used.
Aspect is used to distinguish among sets of features of a domain or subject area. The term is borrowed from "aspect-oriented" programming, where it is used to separate concerns. An ontology may be characterized by this dimension so as to parition features that are orthogonal. For example, in a systems ontology there may be aspects for "structure", "function", "behavior" and "interface" or "interoperability". A viewpoint can be distinguished by "aspects". For example the "information viewpoint" of an application can be partitioned into separate graphs for the "security", "operational" and"data retention" aspects.
The set of classes specified by the DCMI Type Vocabulary, used to categorize the nature or genre of the resource.
DCMI Type Vocabulary
The size or duration of the resource.
Extent
The property "hasMetadata" is used to reference a metadata information structure.
The property "vaem:turtleFileURL" is used to provide a link to the location of the ontology's turtle file
A location, period of time, or jurisdiction.
Location, Period, or Jurisdiction
The method by which items are added to a collection.
Accrual Method
References
A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.
The property "vaem:url" is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as an XSD URI
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource.
Examples of a Contributor include a person, an organization, or a service.
Contributor
The property "vaem:hasViewpoint" is used to denote how a set of resources, or an individual resource, is relevant to a context of use. The term "viewpoint" is adopted from the ISO RM-ODP specifications and its more recent use in enterprise architecture descriptions. In VAEM, the property is used as a dimension for characterizing an ontology graph. The property is an "rdf:Property" to allow both scalar and object values
A material thing.
Physical Resource
The property "vaem:previousPublishedVersion"is a URL to documentation for the previous version of a graph.
Date Copyrighted
Date of copyright.
The property "vaem:hasDomain" is used to specify how a set of resources, or an individual resource is grounded in a domain, that is, a subject area of interest. Examples of domains are "enterprise", "process", "organization" and "system". In VAEM, the property is used as a dimension for characterizing an ontology graph. The property is an "rdf:Property" to allow both scalar and object values
Date Issued
Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource.
A "vaem:CurationGraph" is a graph to hold metadata that is needed to describe, govern and provision another graph. A curation graph will likely use VOAG and VAEM for this purpose. The property "vaem:curationGraph" is used to link to the graph (or graphs) being curated
A rate at which something recurs.
Frequency
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
Is Referenced By
A "vaem:CollectionGraph" is a graph that aggregates other graphs using "owl:imports" statements
An annotation used to reference a graph that elaborates (adds properties and axioms to) a resource
The property "vaem:date" is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as "vaem:dateUnion" so as to allow a value to have a number of forms from a year only to a full timestamp. The property is also the parent of all dates so that queries can be made for any date on an ontology
The property "vaem:acronym" provides a common way to define a commonly used abbreviation on a resource
The property "vaem:namespace" is the onotlogy URI with which a graph is primarily associated. The intent is to allow multiple graphs to define statements for resources in the same Ontology namespace. For example, a foundation level graph with the base URI of "http://www.somesite.com/1.0/schema/OurOntology" may define general concepts for "OurOntology". Another graph with the base URI "http://www.somesite.com/1.0/schema/level2/OurOntology" may add more specific details to the same "OurOntology". Each of these two graphs would carry the same value for "vaem:namespace", that is, "http://www.somesite.com/schema/OurOntology". In other words, an ontology URI is the URI associated with the resources of a controlled namespace. On the other hand the graph URIs (the base URIs) identify the graphs that hold resources that make up an ontology
A "vaem:ConstraintsGraph" is a graph that holds SPIN constraints